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FNLA (Angola)
Last modified: 2002-02-01 by jarig bakker
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![[Angola - FNLA]](../images/a/ao}fnla.gif)
by Stuart Notholt, 10 Jan 1996
See also:
Frente Nacional para a Libertação de Angola
(FNLA)
Led by Holden Roberto, the FNLA evolved from the Uniao das Populacoes do
Norte de Angola, which was formed in 1957 and, as the title suggests, was
predominantly a northern based party, with an ethnic base among the Bakongo
people. The FNLA mounted in 1961 the first serious challenge to the
Portuguese. It received support from Zaïre, the USA and China.
During the final stages of the war against the Portuguese (and the
MPLA)
in 1975, the FNLA formed a shaky alliance with UNITA,
announcing the formation of the Democratic Republic of Angola. Attacking
Luanda from the north, the FNLA were defeated and never recovered. Elements
of the FNLA were eventually absorbed into UNITA. Refugees from the FNLA
also formed the basis of the South African special forces 32 Batallion
which operated in Namibia and southern Angola. Holden Roberto returned
to the country from exile in August 1991 and said the FNLA should be accorded
parity with the MPLA and UNITA in the multi-party talks then in progress.
This suggestion was ignored. The FNLA flag had a red stripe running from
bottom left to top right. On this was a white star. The upper triangle
so formed was white, the lower yellow. Beyond a vague adherence to the
pan-African colours, I do not have any information on the symbolism of
this flag. There is also a vague similarity to the flag of the Congo (Zaïre)
breakaway state of Kabinda, which, given
the ethnic and political links between the FNLA and southern Zaïre
may be more than coincidental.
Stuart Notholt,10 Jan 1996
Flag of FLNA is now in this page.
I posted this image flag to the FNLA requesting if any change was made
(in the upper part of the page show the colors yellow-white-red in horizontal).
The inclusion in the page prove that is the current flag.
Jaume Ollé, 14 Jan 2001
Going through the flags of Angola could not help but notice the likeness
of the FNLA and the Musikongo (claimed state):
same colors and a star (although different design). This is not surprising
given that both entities are related to the Bakongo ethnic group, as is
pointed out in the respective FOTW pages
Antonio Teixeira, 25 Jan 2002
FNLA new flag
![[FNLA new flag]](../images/a/ao}fnla2.gif)
by Jorge Candeias, 28 Nov 2001
FNLA (Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola, or National
Front for the Liberation of Angola) comes fourth in the present Angolan
Parliament with its 5 MPs. The flag is well-known, but in the
site of the angolan Parliament it's a little different from usual.
Besides the diagonal tricolour of WRY with a W star in the center, there's
also the sigla F.N.L.A. in the canton and what looks like a motto, "LIBERDADE
E TERRA" (freedom and land), in the Y field, bent with the same inclination
of the red stripe. Both writings are black, and this flag design is confirmed
deeper in the site through a photo of one of the parties' MPs
Jorge Candeias, 28 Nov 2001